UFOs and the sulfur connection:

To the extent that odor is mentioned in UFO reports, strikingly often bad odor / odor of sulfur is mentioned. In addition, odor of sulfur is also related to other paranormal events. Is there a connection? AND - In the middle of Hessdalen - a closed sulfur mine ...

The mine is in the middle of the valley, with the entrance / exit of the shaft down by the river Hesja. This mine was in operation until 1933 when the mining company went bankrupt. It's clear traces of the activity to this day.

In 2013, Italian Jader Monari presented a theory intended to explain (some of) the lights in Hessdalen, namely 'Hessdalen as a giant battery'. The theory goes in short; tension is believed to occur as a result of various minerals located on either side of the valley; copper on the east side, and iron / zinc on the west side. The Hesja River - which flows in the middle of the valley - is thought to function as an electrolyte in that sulfuric acid leaks into the river from the abandoned sulfur mine down by the river bed. (http://www.itacomm.net/PH/2013_Monari_et-al-en.pdf)

It's a neat - albeit contentious - theory. It has been criticized from several places;

- I do not think such a battery can explain the phenomenon. The distance is too large, says Bjørn Samset (Norwegian physicist). - Another question is whether the electric field has enough energy to make the gases glow.

Monari emphasizes that the theory is intended to explain light of the (apparent) plasma type, and NOT craft-like lights with an inner structure that has also been observed in Hessdalen.

--

BUT; - sulfur is also often mentioned in classic UFO reports:

A randomly selected example in this way:

Greenville SC, 2008:

[... It was triangular, dark and metallic, very sleek and smooth, with three white lights at each vertex and a concave red light, and it seemed blurry because the darn thing was wobbling a bit. I forced myself to look at the road and was surprised to find an unnatural glow around myself and the car, and as it grew brighter, I brought my eyes up and caught it above my windshield and I craned my neck and promptly began to panic because the craft was now above my car, silent ...] [... It was at this moment I smelled, yes I know .... sulfur .... something like sulfur, so strong I held my hand over my face .. .] (Source: http://www.nuforc.org/webreports/064/S64416.html)

Sulfur odor has also been reported in Hessdalen in connection with sightings:

[... they saw a big bright light above the hill south of Vårhuskjølen. When they were in the middle part of Hessdalen, they could see the mountain Finnsåhøgda behind the light. There were some "wires" with light beneath the big light. They got the impression that the light was following the car. When they were at Skogås place, they went through a cloud which smelled like sulfur. They stopped at the local store and went back. Then the cloud and the light were gone. (Source: hessdalen.org; observations 1996).

The question is whether UFOs can be linked to the physical, concrete occurrence of sulfur - such as in Hessdalen, where there is not just one, but several old, abandoned sulfur mines, - OR - is there another, deeper connection?

--

An article I found online speculates on this; "UFOs, Do They Smell? The Sulfur Enigma of Paranormal Visitation" (https://www.conspiracyarchive.com/UFOs/ufosulphur.htm) - and makes
moreover, parallels to other paranormal activity:

"UFOs and most paranormal occurrences are often attended with a strong smell of sulfur, and the light produced by them is of a high energy quality, accompanied by a sulfurous complexion."

And worth noting:

"Lightning and thunder are attended with a strong smell of sulfur, and the light produced by them is of a sulfurous complexion."

Is this a clue somehow?

"In Immanuel Velikovsky's unpublished work In the Beginning, there's a chapter called 'The Transmutation of Oxygen into Sulfur' in which he tries to explain the origin of the sulfur smells of lightning. Velikovsky suggests that sulfur is actually made from the air by the passage of an electrical discharge."

- Could these paranormal events be the result of intelligences manifesting matter through dimensions? Certainly this would require a tremendous amount of energy. Then the tell tale sign of sulfur smells could be the effect of this energy 'entering' or 'exiting' our dimension.

Finally, a list of paranormal phenomena associated with the smell of sulfur according to the article:

• The Tricksters: Of the Southwestern United States, Northern Mexico peyote ceremonies. Also in Celtic lore (fairies, gnomes, sylphs etc.)
• The Men in Black
• Sasquatch (Pacific Northwest), Yeti (Asia), The Skunk Ape (Southeastern U.S.), Momo (Missouri Monster)
• The Greek Gods of Mythology
• Succubi, Incubi, and various demonic manifestations during occult workings
• Poltergeist, ghosts, spirits etc.
• UFOs, Aliens, Space Brothers etc.
• The Chupacabra of Puerto Rico and South and Central America

Transitional phenomena

In the extension of the previous posts - on the question of whether two (or more) separate phenomena coexist in Hessdalen - I would like to focus on what the Norwegian author Willy Ustad has written about "transitional phenomena". In the book 'UFO in Norway' (1997), Ustad divides the UFO-phenomenon into three parts: light phenomena, transitional phenomena and technical objects.

Light phenomena can further be divided into several types:

• small moving bright spots in the sky, most often at night or in the dark, but also in daylight
• large fireballs that often move at incredible speed, change course abruptly, etc.
• minor light phenomena near the ground, either stationary or moving

On transitional phenomena, Ustad writes:

"There is no clear distinction between the latter group and the next group - technical objects. Very often the reports give a clear impression of a technical, or at least physical object inside, or surrounded by a strong light. Very often it is described that a physical object has one or more bright spots, or several bright lights that resemble headlamps."

About the last group, Ustad writes:

Descriptions of objects that are clearly physical are the simplest and most tangible form of reports. Here we also meet a huge variety of the strangest shapes and sizes.

--

Transitional phenomena are, in my opinion, an indication that light phenomena and objects are different sides of the same phenomenon and by going into the report material we can be find cases that underpins this view:

case 1

[...LARS LILLEVOLD and his family live in Hessdalen. - "On January 18, 1982, my life changed completely," he says. "What amazed me so much that I just have to admit that others can laugh at me and look at me like a curl. But I know what I've seen. "

This evening Lars had an errand outside his house. The time was approx. 19:30.

- Over the house I saw something big, glowing red. It must have been at least 30 ~ 4O meters long. It was like a pinch of bread, completely silent. I waited to hear sounds. I listened, but heard only the rush of the forest. Then "it" moved. The light was dazzling. It looked like "it" was emitting a red, fuzzy smoke that it somehow surrounded itself with. It removed in a northerly direction into the valley. I shouted at the wife who saw the lights before "it" disappeared...]

case 2

[..."There's a fire in the cabin!" Was his first thought. He got this idea when he saw a light
near a cabin. But, he immediately saw something else; a
large illuminated object comparable to a Christmas tree with the top facing
down towards the ground. The object stood about four feet above the ground, but it was
difficult to judge this despite - he had the cabin as a reference.

There was a big red light on the front of the object that flashed, and it was a
irregular wooly coating around the entire object. The light from it was so intense that it
was a pain to watch it for a long time...]

case 3

[...Slowly we saw the UFO rise a few meters above the mountain. Now it stood perfectly still. Around it we saw the snow boil as the wind swirled the snowflakes. In the same position, the UFO descended on the mountain. Was it down? The shape was most reminiscent of a pistol bullet. Did I see right? In the moonlight I thought it glistened in metal. Wasn't there a dark silhouette in the intense light?

Suddenly, the UFO turned to the side. It set in motion and "floated" in between Fjellbekkhøgda and Finnsåhøgda. It could not possibly be more than a few meters above the ground where it disappeared out of sight into the mountain...]

-

These reports - which are just three of many - are examples of a smooth transition between light phenomena and crafts and vehicle sightings. Maybe it doesn't make much sense to categorize and make sections?

Phd. in astrophysics, Italian Massimo Teodroani has, as previously mentioned, actively studied Hessdalen, including through three field actions in the 2000s. His conclusion is that the majority of the observed phenomena in Hessdalen have an OUTER plasma signature, but that one cannot "see" what is inside the light (in the same way that one cannot "see" into a star) when available photo equipment is only capable of photographing the outer photo sphere.

In addition, Teodorani states that a smaller - but significant - number of structured solid objects occur in Hessdalen.

As Teodorani says; Light and solid objects can either be the same phenomenon observed in different physical states, or two separate phenomena that coexist.

My examples from the report material on 'transitional phenomena' are, in my view, clear indicators of one and the same phenomenon.

UFO activity; different phenomena or one single phenomenon?

The UFO activity in Hessdalen has a great range, and many have questioned whether there is one single phenomenon present - or if there are two (or more) phenomena that exist side by side.

Project manager Erling Strand has for example. said:

"It's so much different. We get conflicting measurement data. Some point in one direction, while other data point in the opposite direction."

Italian phd. in astrophysics, Teodorani, has said:

"The majority of observed phenomena in Hessdalen have external plasma-like features, while a small number of structured solid objects have been observed. It may be one phenomenon observed under different physical conditions or two separate phenomena coexisting."

Project Hessdalen divides the activity into three categories:

1: Flash. Pointed concentrated flashes of short duration, or powerful flashes that illuminates much of the sky and the surrounding terrain.

2: Yellow and white lights moving around the valley, that can stand still or move at high speeds.

3: Multiple lights together that follow each other as if they were attached to an object. Sometimes something dark / black can be seen between these lights.

From this, one can raise (at least) two hypotheses:

- Flashes and balls of light vs. structured solid objects are separate phenomena where the former must be understood as unknown natural phenomena related to geophysical conditions and combustion processes in the atmosphere - while the latter is a technology - man-made, or related to some form of visitation

Or:

- Flashes, balls of light AND structured solid objects are components of the same technology and constitute a unit.

---
My impression and my claim is that there is support for the view that ALL of the activity are components of the same phenomenon - if you look closely at the report material:


Hessdalen: Three illuminated UFOs:

SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1982, AT 6.20pm, one of the residents in Hessdalen saw an oblong luminous object as it flew low over the crest of Finnsåhøgda to the north. In binoculars he could clearly see that there was a red light in the front of the object.

As this object came in a northerly direction, another dull moon colored light appeared in the northeast. It moved on towards the other elongated object, and flashed several times during this journey. 

At the same time, a third object, spherical, appeared about 70 degrees above the observer. This also pulsated before it finally went out. 

Another person who came driving by car up Hessdalslia hillside saw three luminous objects at the same time as above. (Source: Havik, 87).

Comment: Related to Project Hessdalen's categorisation these are category 2 and 3 together; - balls of light and solid objects (crafts) interact.

Reitan 87;  big flashes, balls of light and a craft:

16 October 1987; 7. 20 pm, three adults and a child were traveling by car between Tydal and Reitan
(some 10-15 km east of Hessdalen). On the road between the mountains they initially saw several star-like balls of light passing overhead at a great speed. 

The sky was all clear and the wind intermittently gusted up to storm. A few minutes later about 7.20pm, they saw a bright flash of light which illuminated the sky towards Ålen (some 10 km to the NW). The light seemed brightly greenish, and they stopped the car and turned off the lights after another flash had appeared. Each flash lasted for about 3- 4 seconds, with a period of 1 minute between them. 

Shortly after the last one, they caught sight of an object which came flying relatively low above the terrain. The object was shaped like a prism, equipped with four legs underneath. 

All details were clearly visible; the object coming downwards in front of the car, flying slowly forward, making a brief halt and then disappearing right up into the sky. The observers stated that the object must have been large. 

The observation lasted some 30 seconds. All four people felt a certain pressure in their heads both during the observation and shortly afterwards. (This symptom has also been felt by some
other witnesses who have observed UFOs in Hessdalen.) The observers were also a bit frightened and none of them had seen anything similar before. (Source: Nordic UFO Newsletter, 1, 1988).

(A drawing made by the witnesses. The surface looked like glass; shining with a greenish clour.)

Comment: Here all of the categories - 1, 2 and 3 appear together.


Arendal, Norway, 1981; i.e. not from Hessdalen - but very similar to HD sightings:

- Suddenly he became aware of a light in the eastern sky blinking and pulsating fast and irregurlarly. The light moved up and down with a blue blinking, sometimes weak and sometimes very. strong,
and after a little while it disappeared towards the east. Now and then the flashes were so powerful that the ground around the house was lit up as if someone was using a big flashgun out in the woods, far from roads and from any electric outdoor light. They also stated that it did not resemble the distinctive flashes of distant lightning as can be seen in the autumn.

The house is situated on a high spot surrounded by low hills and forests. In front of the house grassy fields run down towards Blagestad. To the northeast there are small islands and hills with low pinetrees. The family now turned off all the lights in the house and sat down behind the windows watching the sky. After an hour of patient waiting, the UFOs appeared again.

Suddenly a shivering yellow light appeared over the southern hills. The object rose and fell and the light shifted from yellow to blue. After a little while, it quickly soared to an altitude of 45 degrees and at the same time another object came in from the northeast and stopped at the same altitude.

Then a huge gray object came in from the south and passed within 50 meters of the house and glided silently towards the lake along the edge of the fields. Over the lake it descended slowly, so it was possible to observe it with the island and pinetrees as a background. The distance was then about 200-300 meters. At both ends they could see a very big red light, and on top of that they claimed there was something like a bridge. 

The light from the two red spots was very unfamiliar, and they had difficulties in describing it. (In the southeastern part of the country this cigar-shaped phenomenon had been seen a few years
ago, and then too the witnesses noticed the very odd red lights and eported that there seemed to be something rotating inside them.)

It was a great shock to the family to see this strange, huge UFO with its dark and silent body and clear red lights; They thought for a while that it was an invasion, and turned on the radio for the kind of short message that one would expect to get under such circumstances.

Over the water the cigar changed course and headed slowly towards the northwest, and at the same time the two UFOs on each side of the house started to move; they flew side by side out over the
lake and disappeared behind the islands in the northeast. This led to conclude that the three objects were in contact with each other, moving in a united formation. (Source: Nordic UFO newsletter 2 - 82)

Comment: Again - all three categories are represented at the same time and interact.

---

These are just three selected examples taken from the report material. They are not unique, but on the contrary - rather typical of what has been seen.

These examples do not constitute irrefutable evidence of course, but are a strong indication that the three categories of activity outlined by Project Hessdalen; flash, balls of light and solid, structured  objects - must be seen as sub-components within the same overall technology - as part of a unit.

Hessdalen UFO-documentary, part 2 (with subtitles):

Part two of the Hessdalen UFO-documentary by students from Østfold college.

Hessdalen UFO documentary (with English subtitles):

Here is a Norwegian documentary about Hessdalen made ​​by some students at Østfold College. The film includes interesting comments from Hessdalen residents. I added English subtitles. Part two will come when I get time.

News from Hessdalen; UFO-sightings 2012:

Happy announcement number 1:
The live-camera in the Hessdalen automatic station is up and running again. Here you can follow what happens in the "valley of UFOs" from second to second. The live-camera has been down since December, but is finally back.

Nice view: Hessdalen live-camera.

The camera is very light sensitive, and mounted in the direction of west. In the hours before sunset, , the screen goes black, and it is impossible to see anything. In winter, it is dark at night in Norway, and one is therefore dependent on the moon for it to be bright enough to make observations.

However, it is possible to observe the phenomena live here. I have been lucky enough to see the phenomena repeatedly using this camera.

For example, do like me, have a small window open while you work on something else on your computer, - or download a screen recording program that can record while you do something else, not at home, etc.

Hessdalen automatic station.

Happy announcement number 2:
The Project Hessdalen page where observation reports are published, is updated. So far there are four phenomena reported in 2012:

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Date: 01.03.2012 Time: 08:30 P.M Place: Lake Hersjøen, Hessdalen Ole Jacob was driving a snowmobile on lake Hersjøen, together with his son Jacob (11 years) and his niece Kristin (13 years). They saw a green light coming from the east, moving down with an angle, in front of, and just south of mount Brattbekken, i n the west. It disappeared when it was in the hillside. It disappeared when it was below the horizon. The weather was calm, a few clouds and the themperature was - 2°C. Date: 25.02.2012 Time: at about 07:20 P.M Place: Fjellheim parking, Hessdalen The observers were at the parking place, when they saw a light in direction northeast. The light was seen two times during a 5 minutes periode, and it lasted about 10 seconds each time. During the first observation, the light split in two. Date: 19.02.2012 Time: between 01:00 and 02:00 A.M Place: Fjellheim parking, Hessdalen The observers were at the parking place, in the middle of the night, due to recording of a film. They saw a light phenomenon in direction west/northwest, just above mount Skarvan. They saw the light three times, each with a duration of about 5 to 10 seconds. It was above the horizon. Date: 18.02.2012 Time:11:40 P.M Place: Grøtådalen, Hessdalen Anngerd was sitting on a sledge behind a snowmobile, when they were driving back          home from Grøtådalen. She saw a light in direction north/northwest. Estimated distance was to the light was beneath 1000m, and it was underneath the horizon. The light looked like sparks/ lines of light / rocket, which was standing still, just above the ground. She saw the light just some seconds, because the snowmobile was driving into the farm, and something did block the line of sight. She moved to a place on her farm, where she could see it, but then it was gone. --- Source: Project Hessdalen home page.

Hessdalen/Drivdalen UFO-video; proof of solid object?

Forty minutes long recording of UFOs taken in Drivdalen, Norway, a few miles south-west of Hessdalen.

The recording was made 18 January 2001.

To begin with, it is one light. Eventually, two lights - and at the end, we see three lights in a triangle formation.

The most remarkable aspect of the recording, however, is when the light dims, and we apparently can see what is under the luminous surface.

In the beginning we see a bright, color-changing ball:

Later, the "ball" seems to "open" up.

Eventually, the light turns off, and we are able to see that it is a solid object behind the luminous surface.

Let's recap what PhD. astrophysicist MassimoTeodorani have said in this connection:

---

"A fundamental result which was ascertained directly on the field during two intensive
scientific missions, is just that the Hessdalen phenomenology is characterized by two well-
distinguished aspects:

1: luminous orbs for which an external plasma appearance has been ascertained, but with highly anomalous characteristics both thermodynamically and morphologically,

2: a slender but significant minority of objects which possess sharp characteristics of solidity.

This double way in which the learnt phenomenology appears can be interpreted only in two alternative ways:

·       like an overlap of two phenomena with sharply different characteristics,

or

·       like two sharply different behaviours of the same phenomenon.

Anyway it must be reminded that, by assuming that the second option is taken into account, well-known laws of radiation physics say very clearly that the instrumental verification of the plasma nature of a given phenomenon, is not sufficient to demonstrate that the phenomenon is a plasma entirely, but only that his external surface (or: photosphere) behaves like a plasma which, by its
nature, is able to hide all what exists inside it."

--

We can’t see what’s inside a plasma, in the same way as we can’t see what’s inside the sun…

Does this footage represent what's inside a Hessdalen "plasma" ball?

I have been in contact with the head of Project Hessdalen, Erling Strand, at the Østfold university college regarding the recording, and asked for his opinion. He pointed out that we do not know in which hdirection of the sky this was filmed, and that we therefore cann't exclude the possibility that the luminous object at times may have been behind trees or the like. Strand does not exclude, in other words, that the portions of the recording where the light looks like an object, are due to that the light is partially hidden behind a tree.

For this reason, the footage can't prove anything, but in my opinion - and probably anyone who studies it, - it is reasonably unlikely that we are looking at a light (planet?) that periodically moves behind trees here.

Strand emphasizes that the recording is extremely interesting.

Hessdalen automatic station, and a black "stick":

Today's post might help to show some of the wide range in what has been seen and still is being seen, in Hessdalen. This sighting was done 23 December, 2002.

From Project Hessdalens web page:

Date: 12/23/2002 Time: 5:07 P.M. Place: Vårhus in Hessdalen
Witness: Bjarne and Bjorn Lillevold.

Bjørn and Bjarne were working with a car out on the yard at home. They suddenly became aware of a big black vertical "stick", just above the automatic station. The lower part of the "stick" did make a blue-green flash now and then. It could go minutes between each flash. It moved slowly towards south, in direction Rognsåsjøen. It disappeared behind the mountain 15 minutes later. Ref. Bjarne Lillevold. Illustration.

"The blue box" is the "brain" of Project Hessdalen, and the automatic measurement station. Here are the computers that perform various measurements located, and all the cameras and antennas are mounted here. Apparently, the UFO phenomenon, whether it is man-made or extra terrestrial, makes its own research and measurements “in return”...?

Have a look at the observation reports located on the ProjectHessdalen website.

French UFO-video from Hessdalen:

I do not speak French, but the film is interesting anyway. The pictures speak for themselves.The film is from 1994, but still just as relevant.

The first time I saw this film, was at the community hall in Hessdalen during "Hessdalen workshop" in 1994, last day, which was open to the public. In every way an interesting evening. At the break of Leif Haviks lecture, we saw the phenomenon from the parking lot outside the community hall.

Residents in Hessdalen makes a convincing job as actors here, I must say!

The EMBLA-missions in Hessdalen:

As already mentioned, PhD. astrophysicist Massimo Teodorani related to the Italian branch of Project Hessdalen, was the leader/coordinator at the three field studies conducted in Hessdalen in 2000, 2001 and 2002 (project EMBLA). In this regard, it is published a number of reports and huge amounts of research data.

The results and conclusions are startling, and can be summarized in the following table:

As the table demonstrates, 85% of the observed phenomena shows (external) plasma characteristics (including 5% geometric shapes). The remaining 5% of the observed phenomena shows characteristics of solid, structured objects (and 10 % of uncertain character).

Teodorani explains the results in this article

«The Physical study of atmospheric luminous anomalies and the SETVhypothesis»:

---

A fundamental result which was ascertained directly on the field during two intensive scientific missions, is just that the Hessdalen phenomenology is characterized by two well- distinguished aspects:

1. the very most part of luminous apparently immaterial orbs for which an external plasma appearance has been ascertained, but with highly anomalous characteristics both thermodynamically and morphologically,
2. a slender but significant minority of objects which possess sharp characteristics of solidity.
   This double way in which the learnt phenomenology appears can be interpreted only in two alternative ways: or like an overlap of two phenomena with sharply different characteristics, OR like two sharply different behaviours of the same phenomenon.
   Anyway it must be reminded that, by assuming that the second option is taken into account, well-known laws of radiation physics say very clearly that the instrumental verification of the plasma nature of a given phenomenon, is not sufficient to demonstrate that the phenomenon is a plasma entirely, but only that his external surface (or: photosphere) behaves like a plasma which, by its nature, is able to hide all what exists inside it, as any photon coming from the interior should be immediately absorbed or scattered by the cloud of ions and electrons which are located in the external region, which in its turn is the only one which can be monitored instrumentally. In order to try to penetrate inside the plasma cloud, during the next missions, an “imaging radar” is planned for use, together with a high-resolution spectrograph [1] able to furnish a much more precise quantitative description of the plasma photosphere of the phenomenon

CONCLUSIVE NOTES

Since the first field-observation in Hessdalen (EMBLA 2000) it has been possible to learn that, together with a big majority of lights of the “plasmoid type”, structured objects were present too: at first a triangle of lights, then a low-luminosity egg-like translucid object [21]. During the second field-observation (EMBLA 2001) something similar to a flattened ellipsoid was recorded [23]. All these specific evidences of “structured targets” do not demonstrate at all, of course, that Hessdalen is subject to ET visitation.

On the contrary it is even more reasonable to suspect that the governments which are at present possibly experimenting flying devices working with “exotic tecnology”, would choose locations just like Hessdalen in order to work with no disturb by putting into practice the best of the camouflages. The co-existence of anomalous lights of possible natural origin linked to the territory and of flying machines born from some mind of the “Skunk Works” might permit to some government to operate in total secret by letting the public opinion believe that Hessdalen is an alien basis.

Therefore, the fact that some “structured events” in Hessdalen were recorded by EMBLA, is not a proof that Earth is visited by exogenous probes. Nevertheless this possibility in itself, as a pure work-hypothesis, is not at all excluded by official science, and it is included inside the plans (introduced before) of the SETV project. As it has been said, Earth may be reached in several ways which are canonically accepted. In order that this possibility may be proved or confuted, it is necessary to expand of at least an order of magnitude, both the sophistication and the completenesse of the sensing instrumentation.

[21] Teodorani M., Montebugnoli S. & Monari J. (2000) ‘The EMBLA 2000 Mission in Hessdalen’, NIDS, Articles, http://www.nidsci.org/articles/articles1.html#teodorani

[23] Teodorani M., Strand E.P. & Hauge B.G. (2001), ‘EMBLA 2001: The Optical Mission’, ICPH, Articles, http://www.itacomm.net/PH

Here it is worth noting that Teodorani keeps the door open for the SETV hypothesis (extraterrestrial visitation), but suggests that secret experiments with exotic technology are a more likely explanation.

My tip is exotic (man-made) technology. More on this in later posts.

Sighting of a "Black Triangle" in Hessdalen:

Taken from an interview with  PhD. astrophysicist Massimo Teodorani in 2001 (from Linda Moulton Howe's website, earth files).

Teodorani is related to the Italian branch of Project Hessdalen and was director / coordinator of the field investigations in Hessdalen in the years 2000, 2001 and 2002 (Project Embla).

---

"Last year we saw the triangle, but we couldn't document it because that day we didn't have a videocamera with us. It was impossible to follow it with a normal reflex camera. But it was just a triangle with three lights on the vertices. The lights were fixed, not blinking, and it was coming from north towards us and it did stop exactly over us. There were five of us and when it was over us it started to make a rotation around its axis while it was standing still. And after some seconds, about 15 seconds, the lights faded very gradually and the triangle disappeared over our heads. This is a story, but unfortunately we couldn't document or take measurements. But it happened.

AND THIS IS THIS PAST SUMMER OF 2001 AND THOSE TRIANGLES WITH THE LIGHTS AT THE THREE VERTICES HAVE BEEN REPORTED IN BELGIUM AND ENGLAND.

I know, yes. 

HOW BIG WOULD YOU ESTIMATE AS A SCIENTIST LOOKING UP? COULD YOU ESTIMATE ANYTHING ABOUT THE SIZE?

It was practically impossible to understand. It was very big and I can only say that the size was about 10 times the moon. Probably more. I could see with my binocular that there was a dark surface very well. But differently from the Belgium cases. There was no blinking center light. There were only three lights fixed and then afterward fading gradually and disappearing. I tell you that my friend is director of a radio astronomical station. He is a radio astronomer and I am an astrophysicist. There were two professors there who are engineers and another professor. And it was in fact incredible! 

SO YOU HAVE FIVE SCIENTISTS WHO ARE ALL WORKING IN UNIVERSITIES OUT TRYING TO UNDERSTAND WHAT THESE PLASMA SPHERES IN THE HESSDALEN VALLEY ARE AND THIS OBJECT OF TRIANGLE LIGHTS, YOU ALL SEE IT, AND IT STOPS RIGHT OVER YOU AS IF AWARE THAT YOU ARE THERE? 

Yes, yes, yes, it is exactly so. Of course, I have to tell what happens. I am a scientist and my duty is not to select what I don't like or what is not convenient for me. We have to find out what it is."

Different categories of UFOs in Hessdalen:

The Phenomena can be organized in different types, based on how it looks like, the movement and how it behaves.

Project Hessdalens categorisation on their website:

1 - White, or blue-white flashing lights. They are usually high in the air, close to the tops of the mountains or even higher. Their lifetime is usually short, typical some seconds. Sometimes they have been seen for a minute, but seldom any longer.

2 - A yellow light, with a red light on the top. This red light can be flashing.

3 - A yellow or white light. This is the most common description of the Hessdalen Phenomena. This light can stand still for more than an hour. It can move around slowly down in the valley, stop sometimes for minutes, start moving again. The shape is often round as a ball. Sometimes there are other shapes.

4 - A black "object" with lights on. This has been reported several times in Hessdalen. Here you can see a picture of such a phenomena. It was Leif Havik who took the picture in Hessdalen March 18. 1982. It shows three lights on this "black object":

Here is a drawing made by one observer of a similar phenomena in Hessdalen. A "object" with a light on each end:

Arne Wisth makes an alternative organization in the book "The UFO-mystery in Hessdalen" from 1983:
"We can affirm that at least four different types of UFOs are involved:

1: "The observation-UFO" which is round or egg-shaped.
2: "The hat," which has the classic flying saucer shape.
3: "The bullet", which is pointed at one end and rounded at the other, that often stands still for long periods and also lands.
4: "The cigar" - which is large, perhaps a hundred meters or more.

Are we facing a single phenomenon with different behavior, or are we facing multiple, parallel phenomena?

Book recommendation; "Hitler's flying saucers": Nazi-UFO proof:

Hitler's Flying Saucers: A Guide to German Flying Discs of the Second World War

Stevens turns every stone in his investigation, and provides a very detailed review of the German flying saucer projects during ww2, - from jet-powered 'suction saucers' to potential field propultion saucers.
If you are new to the topic and want a thorough introduction, this is the best place to start.



An amateur video in three parts based on Stevens's book can be watched here;

 

Flying saucer-wave 1947; Schulgens collection memorandum, part 2

As mentioned in part 1, it seems that Schulgen is familiar with the Roswell incident, and that his 1947 memorandum is partly based on the Roswell crash and the investigations of the debris.

Schulgen asks to look for signs of unusual production of materials that could contribute to reduce weight on aircrafts:“Unusual fabrication methods to achieve ecstreme light weight and structural stability particularly in connection with great capacity for fuel storage“.

Farrell shows in his book, Roswell and the Reich (2010), how a number of details in the descriptions of the debris can be traced back to Nazi Germany and the research associated with the German war projects in metallurgy, etc., which aimed to reduce weight of aircrafts - either research and development that indisputably happened in Nazi Germany, or projects that there is reason to believe were probably happening.

Another statement that very clearly demonstrates that the memorandum is partly based on the Roswell-crash and the investigation of the debris is this:

"Type of material, whether metal, ferrous, non-ferrous, or non-metallic;” and “Composite or sandwich construction utilizing various combinations of metals, plastics, and perhaps balsa wood”.

I-beams of balsawood, balsawood or plastic-like material / other lightweight materials were mentioned by witnesses in the descriptions of the debris!

It is very unlikely that Schulgen would have mentioned balsawood without having read about / been briefed on the investigation of the Roswell debris.

It is also worth noting that Major Marcel mentioned a kind of porous metal in the description of the debris - that one could blow through.

In this regard, Shulgen writes in his memo:"...boundary layer control method by suction, blowing, or a combination of both” and “Openings either in the leading edge top and bottom surfaces that are employed chiefly to accomplish boundary layer control or for the purpose of reducing the induced drag. Any openings in the leasing edge should be reported and described as to shape, size, etc. This investigation is significant to justify a disc shape configuration for long-range application”.

... And to the conclusion of the document:“The power plant would likely be an integral part of the aircraft an could possibly not be distinguished as an item separate from the aircraft. If jet propulsjon is used, large air handling capacity, characterized by a large air inlet and large exhaust nozzle, should be evident. The size of entrance and exit areas world be of interest. It is possible that the propulsive jet is governed or influenced for control of the aircraft. The presence of vanes or control surfaces in the exhaust or methods of changing the direction of the objekt should be observed.”

On this basis, it should be clear what the U.S. air force believed they were facing, namely jet-turbine-powered saucer shaped aircraft (built in lightweight materials) which extraordinary maneuverability and performance was based on eliminating the problem of "the boundary layer" and thus reducing air resistance and friction .

W.A. Harbinson, in the book “Project UFO: The Case for Man-Made Flying Saucers (2007)” sheds light on "the boundary layer" and the porous metal Maj. Marcel mentions;

“Further; if such a craft could be built with a ‘porous’ metal that would act like a sponge and remove the need for air intakes altogether, it would result in ‘frictionless airflow’ during flight (…) such a craft would ‘slip through the air in the same way as a piece of wet soap slips through the fingers (…) the speed and manoeuvrability of such a craft would be virtually limitless (…) While the idea of ‘porous’ metal sounds like something from science fiction, it was in fact being developed in Nazi Germany (…) Among the many other advanced experiments being run in the wind tunnel in the Zeppelin works at Friedrichshaften were those concerning the different ‘porous’ metals, or ‘aeropermeable surfaces’ that were being created by the scientists of Göttingen, Aachen and Volkenrode - various compounds of magnesium and aluminium, sinterized and permeated with microscopic holes. It was called Luftschwamm, or ‘aerosponge’.

In other words, major Marcels description of a porous metal in the Roswell debris (which one could blow through) points directly to Nazi Germany.

Furthermore, to build an aircraft of this type would depend on making the hull thicker to compensate for the weakening of the metals caused by a number of microscopic holes, - or, - the metals necessarily had to be produced lighter and stronger - and one would therefore expect that Nazi Germany's research in metallurgy projects would be implemented at this - and that's exactly what several researchers have found.

Flying saucer-wave 1947; Schulgens collection memorandum, part 1

As mentioned in another post, General Schulgens collection of intelligence memorandum is one of three undeniable genuin Roswell-related documents in addition to the FBI document that recently arrived in the media. Schulgens memo deserves its own post.

In October 1947, ie. after the Roswell incident had taken place, General George F. Schulgen wrote a memorandum regarding U.S. Air force views on and knowledge of flying saucers/UFOs. This is enlightening reading, where it is said that flying saucers are real, and that the crafts are based on German technology developed at the end of the war.

For many years, a fake version of the memo was in circulation. The fake version was virtually the same as the real with the exception of a single sentence that was added (more on this later).

On page 3 of the memo Schulgen states:
4: This strange object, or phenomenon, may be considered, in view of certain observations, as long-range aircraft capable of a high rate of climb, high cruising speed (possibly sub-sonic at all times) and highly maneuverable and capable aircraft of being flown in very tight formation. For the purpose of analyzes and evaluation of the so-called "flying saucer" phenomenon, the object sighted is being assumed to be a manned aircraft, of Russian origin, and based on the perspective thinking and actual accomplishments of the Germans.

In this context it is worth remembering that Colonel Blanchards immediate impression of the debris in Roswell, was that the debris was somthing Sovietish. Similarly Major Marcel, when he inspected the wreck, expressed that he did not know where it came from, but that he did not think it could be a secret U.S. Project. In other words. - There was nothing about the debris that brought the mind into something extraterrestrial.

If we assume, as many ufologist do, that Schulgens memo is partly based on the incident in Roswell (very likely, as we will soon see), the last sentence of paragraph 4 clearly points a finger in the direction of Nazi Germany when it comes to the origin of the UFO phenomenon in general and Roswell in particular.

It is precisely here that the fake version of the memorandum comes in with its addition (highlighted in bold) that changes the meaning of the statement completly:

4: ... the object sighted is being Assumed to be a Manned aircraft, of Russian origin, and based on the perspective thinking and actual accomplishments of the Germans, it is the considered opinion of some elements that the object may in fact representant an interplanetary craft of some kind.

The person that wrote the fake version obviously does not want that one should consider taking the German angle in a closer look ...

For the record, it must be noted that the overall context of the document, does not give support to an extraterrestrial conclusion at all . On the contrary, the document points its fingers towards Nazi- Germany.

How?

(Based on Joseph P. Farrell analysis in Roswell and the Reich, (2010)):

1: "Absence of sound except for an occasional roar when operating under super performance conditions".

"Roaring sound" gives hints in the direction of jet and / or rocket engines, and thus indicates an earthly technology - which the document in general support.

2. “Extreme maneuverability and apparent ability to almost hover”.

This characteristic suggests, among other things, vertical (or at least almost vertical) take off, which means that a hypothetical base for this type of aircraft would require smaller facilities than bases for conventional aircraft - and thus would not be immediately recognizable by espionage and analysis of aerial photographs .

3: "A plan form approximating that of an oval or disc with a dome shape on the top surface."

This description matches the description of both the Nazi saucers and also the more conventional Horten flying wing design that Sculgen refers to.

4. "The absence of an exhaust trail except in a few instances when it was reprorted to-have a Bluish color, like a diesel exhaust, Which persisted for Approximately one hour. Other reports Indicated a brownish smoke trail That could be the result of a special catalyst or chemical agent for extra power."

This suggests again a kind of jet-driven vessel with a type of "catalyst" to maximize speed. This indicates once again an exotic technology, but not exotic enough to represent something extraterrestrial.

5. "The ability to quickly disappear by high speed or by complete" disintegration" and "the ability to suddenly appear without warning as if from an extremely high altitude.

This is the only point in Sculgens memo that could indicate something "more" than just jet turbines. The ability to "show up" and disappear should be seen as a sign of a more exotic type of field propultion / "anti-gravity". This description corresponds with the characteristics of american and british pilots regarding sightings of "foo fighters" over Germany during the war. Yet, one must note here the general Schulgens attempt to rationalize the extraordinary properties along the conventional lines (disappearence by high speed / sudden appearence as if from an extremely high altitude).

6. "Evasive action ability indicates possibility of being manually operated, or possibly by electronic or remote control devises."

Some ufologist has claimed that U.S. air force had a standing "shoot down" orders when it came to flying saucers, and this observation supports indirectly this.

7. "The greatest activity in the U.S. was hum the last week of June and the first week of July."

During this period the Roswell incident occurred, and Schulgen is probably familiar with the matter through hia "channels" and through public media. The reference to this period may indicate that the motivation for the memo is partly based on the Roswell incident, and that the timing (October) reflects the elapsed time in the investigation of the debris and that the memo also reflects the preliminary conclusions drawn from these investigations.

8. This strange object, or phenomenon, may be Considered, in view of certain observations, as long-range aircraft capable of a high rate of climb, high cruising speed (possibly sub-sonic at all times) and highly maneuverable and capable of being flown in very tight formation. For the purpose of analyzes and evaluation of the so-called "flying saucer" phenomenon, the object sighted is being assumed to be a manned aircraft, of russian origin, and based on the perspective thinking and actual accomplishments of the germans.

Note the statement "assumed to be of Russian origin ...". In other words, the door is open with respect to that it might be another earthly origin - something independent nazi.

9. "There is also the possibility that the Horten brothers' perspective thinking may inspired this type of aircraft - Particularly the 'parabola', which has a crescent plan form. Records show that only a glider version was built of this type of aircraft. "

Here Sculgen turns specific and mention a modification of the most advanced Nazi technology, he knows. In other words. - Schulgens best tip is a kind of modified version of the Horten flying wing.

10. “…where are these scientists now located, and what is their present activity?” And “What is the present acitivity of the Horten brothers, Walter and Riemar?”.

This, again, opens the door to another possibility - that we deal with an independent Nazi organization. Schulgen asks where in the Soviet Union (or in the Eastern bloc countries) these scientists are, but provides for a more general possibility - that they may be located anywhere and do anything for anyone.

11. “Are any efforts being made to develop the Horten ‘Parabola’ or modify this configuration to approximate an oval or disc?”

By asking this question, Schulgen reveals more about his own (and probably others), thoughts about what we are facing. Here he goes beyond the earlier assumption regarding Horten flying wing, and think now in the terms of turbine-powered saucers (With the high rate of climb, high cruising speed, ultra high-altitude capability, the ability to "almost hover" and thereby the assumed capability of vertical or nearly vertical-takeoff and landing by means of exhaust thrust vectoring).

12. “Boundary layer Control method by suction, blowing, or a combination of both” and “Openings either in the leading edge top and bottom surfaces that are employed chiefly to accomplish boundary layer control or for the purpose of reducing the induced drag. Any openings in the leasing edge should be reported and described as to shape, size, etc. This investigation is significant to justify a disc shape configuration for long-range application”.

This statement is explosive, for here Schulgen suspects that the Hortens or "someone else" has found the solution to get rid of "the boundary layer" and thus reduce drag and increase aircraft performance and efficiency significantly.

13. "Type of material, whether metal, ferrous, non-ferrous, or non-metallic," and "Composite or sandwich construction utilizing Various combinations of metals, plastics, and perhaps balsa wood."

Probably a strong indicator that Sculgens collection memorandum is directly related to the Roswell incident - because certain details described by witnesses to the Roswell debris are found in Schulgens listing! Specific, statements about "non-ferrous" metal, plastic and balsa wood!

14. “Unusual fabrication methods to achieve ecstreme light weight and structural stability particularly in connection with great capacity for fuel storage“.

Here Schulgen reveals his (and probably many others) thoughts on why such an unusual design was adopted, namely to reduce weight (and thus reduced the requirement for "thrust" of "lift" through the propultion system)

15. “Provisions for takeoff from ice, snow or water” og “Skid arrangements for either takeoff or landing.

Again an explosive statement, here Schulgen indirectly ask how on earth these things come from. and the answer, as he apparently suspects based on how the question is formulated, is a place with lots of snow, ice and water. Andes, the southern regions of Argentina and Antarctica?

16. “Jet propultion engines including turbo jets, rockets, ramjets, pulse jets, or a combination of all four”; og “Nuclear propultion (atomic energy). Atomic energi engines would probably be unlike any familiar type of engine, altough atomic engines might be employed in combination with any of the above types. Aircraft would be characterized by lack of fuel systems and fuel storage place”.

This statement indicates that the rest of the analysis of the document is correct, namely that general Sculgen thought in lines of conventionally powered saucers. But note that he also outlines a more radical possibility, namely nuclear-powered saucers. This must be viewed in context with his earlier statement regarding construction to reduce weight - because radioactive shielding of that time must necessarily have involved heavy weight, which requires as much reduction of other weight as possible.

17. “The power plant would likely be an integral part of the aircraft and could possibly not be distinguished as an item separate from the aircraft;” og “It is possible that the propulsive jet is governed or influenced for control of the aircraft. The presence of vanes or control surfaces in the exhaust or methods of changing the direction of the object should be observed.”

Again, a confirmation that the rest of the analysis of the document is correct; - because here Schulgen reveals that he not only thinks in terms of Horten flying wing, but more than suggest that the Horten brothers and other scientists may have been involved in something far more radical - the design of saucer-shaped aircrafts with the propultion system itself as the central component of the construction.

Conclusion:
It is important to note that "the commanding officer of the Roswell Army Air Field ', Colonel William" Butch "Blanchard, immediately suspected that the debris did not represent a balloon or similar, but something Sovietish. General Schulgens memorandum provides in this view, a context, and one can from this conclude that Blanchards immediate impression is near the truth, and further that the official Mogul explanation is simply incorrect, and probably an attempt at disinformation from official sources .

Moreover, the document itself not only points in the direction of Nazi technology, but something straightforward Nazi, and this means that the old enemy was alive, organized and well-financed and also "out there somewhere" and in possession of extraordinary technology a decade - if not decades - in front of the Americans and the Russians had on the drawing board at the time.

Sculgen asks "where is the Horten", "what do they do?", "what type of landing gear do the saucers have?" - In other words, where do they come from?

Contextually, it is clear that Schulgen believe they are Russian, but also keeps the door open for a far more frightening possibility, namely the independent nazi - "Nazi International".